Cracking the "Additional Information"
In Paper 2, you are given a Trial Balance followed by a list of adjustments. Here is how to handle the most common ones:
1. Depreciation (Reducing Balance Method)
Scenario: Equipment cost $10,000. Provision for Depr. is $2,000. Rate is 20%.
Calculation: ($10,000 - $2,000) × 20% = $1,600.
Debit (Income Statement)Depreciation Expense $1,600
Credit (SOFP)Prov. for Depr. $1,600
2. Provision for Doubtful Debts (Increase)
Scenario: Trade Receivables are $5,000. New provision should be 5%. Existing provision is $150.
Calculation: New ($250) - Old ($150) = $100 Increase.
Debit (Income Statement)Expense $100
Credit (SOFP)Prov. for Doubtful Debts $100
3. Accrued Expenses
Scenario: Electricity paid $800. $100 is still owing at year-end.
Effect: Total expense is $900 ($800 + $100). $100 is a Current Liability.
Income StatementAdd to Expense
SOFPCurrent Liability